Статьи журнала - Вестник Нижневартовского государственного университета
Все статьи: 963
Research of sociocultural family value in the consciousness of military university cadets
Статья научная
The article examines the sociocultural value of the family in the minds of military university cadets in the light of changes that have occurred in the marriage and family sphere in modern Russian society. The first part of the article reveals relevance of this problem, content of terminal values, their classification and characteristics of individual groups. The article highlights some trends that occurred in the public consciousness of the late XX - early XXI centuries concerning the values of the marriage and family sphere. To get a deeper insight into the nature of this problem, the authors studied many works, compared the leading scientific approaches of scientists in the study of terminal values. The article examines theoretical ideas about family and marriage relations and the results of empirical research of social and cultural family values in the minds of students in the framework of teaching at the Department for military and political work, Russian Air Force Military Educational and Scientific Center “Air Force Academy “Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Major Y.A. Gagarin”. The authors provide data from the methods and conduct a detailed qualitative analysis of the level of life-meaning orientations and the most significant terminal values of cadets. The educational impact on cadets in order to form the value of the family in a military University is complex. The content of training programs in the disciplines “Psychology”, “Psychology and Pedagogy”, “Personnel Management in the armed forces of the Russian Federation” is aimed at solving this problem. The article makes an important conclusion that the training of cadets for family life is a significant part of military-political work in a military university, and the adjustment and formation of terminal values of young people in accordance with socially significant values is achievable with a systematic, purposeful psychological and pedagogical process of training cadets for marital and family relationship.
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Scientific work organization of the technical profile students
Статья научная
This article deals with the issue of the technical profile students´ scientific work (SSW) organization in the P.S. Nakhimov BSHNS. The implementation of the ESW at the P.S. Nakhimov BSHNS is given in the form of reports to the conference CMSS and SMSS and the reports preparation that are published in the the CMSS and SMSS Cadets and Students Reports Collection at the Conference of the P.S. Nakhimov BSHNS. Preparation for this conference is carried out for 6 months and aims to increase the scientific training level of the specialists with higher professional education and identify talented young people for the subsequent replenishment of the university scientific and pedagogical staff. The reports are carried out in accordance with the curricula and programs. These reports contain elements of scientific research. Participation in research work helps students to comprehend the basics of their specialty, apply knowledge in solving practical problems, develops skills in working in research and production teams. In the process of carrying out educational research, students learn to work independently with scientific literature and systematize it, apply their knowledge in solving specific research tasks. The conference result was "Recommendations to the Student Heads Educational and Research Works of the BSHNS. Therefore, the main ESW goal is the self-realization of the student's personality based on the acquired research skills. Under the guidance of the supervisor (teacher), the student's personality develops in three directions: self-improvement, self-knowledge, and self-education. In the course of research activities, the following student qualities are acquired and developed: the skill of independent research activity; the skill of working with scientific and cognitive literature; initiative and creativity; use, expansion and deepening of subject knowledge; the skill of working together with the participants of the study; self-affirmation of students in this subject area, etc.
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Seasonal microalternations of ECG signal in students of a northern university
Статья научная
The research addresses the seasonal dynamics of electrophysiological properties of the myocardium in students who live and study in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug -Yugra, Russia. The main method of the research was the dispersion mapping of low-amplitude cardiocycle oscillations. The indicators of the electrophysiological properties of the myocardium were recorded in the Human Ecology Laboratory of Nizhnevartovsk State University using the CardioVisor-06s computer-based heart screening system. Eighty 2nd and 3rd year students participated in the research. Microalternations of the ECG signal were recorded four times per year, once in each season. The electrophysiological activity of the myocardium was analyzed and showed seasonal dynamics. The myocardial microalternation index and the Rhythm indicator increased from summer to winter and reached maximum in spring. Increased integral indicators of dispersion mapping in spring may indicate the climatic impact. The transitional season puts greater stress on the functional reserves of the body, which was manifested by the observed alternations in the electrophysiological activity of the myocardium...
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Sex and age characteristics of daily activity of distance learning students in northern climate
Статья научная
The purpose of the work is to study the time preferences of students performing daily tasks during distance learning and to determine if such preferences depend on sex and the year of study. In the absence of social regulation, the daytime and nighttime activity of students corresponded to the distribution of chronotypesthat typifies a northern region, with arrhythmic and evening types prevailingbut the morning biorhythmic stereotype having a minimal representation. With no ‘master timer’ in distance learning, students demonstrated pronounced sex differences in the daily dynamics of performance. Young femaleshad maximum performanceduring the day and minimum performanceat night, which corresponds to the most common type. Young males were observed to have several ascents in their performance during the 24-hour period. First-year and second-year students’ learning behavior was less synchronized with the day-night cycle. The wavelet analysis found insignificant four to five hourrhythmic fluctuations thatoccurred in the evening hours, during the period of students’ high educational performance.
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Some research on the genus Camellia L. (Theaceae) with representatives in Vietnam
Статья научная
Many studies have been conducted to classify the genus Camellia, yet they have not been entirely consistent. Therefore, doing research on some of the taxonomic systems of the genus Camellia will serve as the basis for the classification and arrangement of recently discovered species into a consistent system. A series of studies based on morphology as well as molecular biology techniques, the classification of pollen spores, and the analysis of leaf anatomy were examined. The systems based on morphological characteristics were inherited and widely recognized, thereby becoming an appropriate method to classify the genus Camellia with representatives in Vietnam.
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Статья научная
The article examines the issues concerning the perception and promotion of socialist ideas on the African continent in the 1960s and 1970s. The purpose of this article is to show how socialism was perceived and interpreted in African countries that chose the "socialist way" of development, namely Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, Mali, Guinea, Senegal, Ghana, Tanzania, Angola, Mozambique, Sudan and Ethiopia. The author set the task to show the reasons for the failures in the promotion of Soviet socialism in Africa. Attention was focused on the analysis of difficulties and obstacles in the promotion of socialism in the economic, political and cultural spheres. The work is based on the information of a survey conducted by the author among representatives of the African intelligentsia from different countries, many of whose representatives studied in the Soviet Union. The research showed that, despite the fact that the USSR spent an active policy in Africa, developing economic, military, political, educational cooperation, it was unable to implement its plans for socialist construction on the continent. This can be explained by the fact that after independence, Africans developed their own views on the socialist system. Perceiving socialism at the level of ideology, African leaders could not accept the socialist economic system. It was impossible to fully accept the Soviet model, since it did not correspond to the realities of African life in many ways. The fact that many African leaders studied in the West also played a role. The materials contained in the article can be used in educational and training activities, as well as for a better understanding of why Soviet socialism could not gain a foothold in Africa.
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Статья научная
The object of the study of this work is the consideration of the problem of readiness of a military specialist for functional activity in a conflictogenic professional environment. The article analyzes the models of professional activity of military specialists described in dissertation research, scientific literature and regulatory documents, which made it possible to classify them into groups. The readiness of a person for effective professional activity is considered from the point of view of two main approaches to the study of this phenomenon: functional and personal, the types of readiness of specialists for professional work are described, the work on studying the state of readiness for activity in extreme situations, to which the conflict belongs, is analyzed. Specific features of military-professional activity are disclosed. The analyzed approaches made it possible to put forward the assumption that within the framework of the functional-personal approach, the integrating education that allows to achieve the functionalism of the activities of a military specialist in a conflictogenic professional environment is the self-determination of the future officer. The essence and content of the concept of “self-determination” depending on the sphere of social sciences and humanities are considered. The analysis of approaches to determining the essence of readiness for activity and the phenomenon of self-determination associated with it allows us to conclude that the readiness of a military specialist for functional activity in a conflictogenic professional environment is his ability to self-determination of the optimal way of interaction with the elements (factors) of the surrounding professional environment (personal and impersonal) in a conflict situation on the basis of the formed system of values orientations, awareness of one's own role in the process of its constructive resolution and subjective assessment of their capabilities in correlation with the difficulties encountered in achieving the goal of professional activity.
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Статья научная
The article discusses the role of transdisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, multidisciplinary approach in translators' training. The paper provides an overview of this cluster of terms, underlining, on the one hand, their problematic ambiguity and, on the other, their conceptual similarity - a better match either between a professional environment and academia or borrowing from (lending to) the knowledge and skills from different disciplines to solve a problem. The paper dwells on the educational potential of transdisciplinary education and the direction it has taken in recent decades. The authors claim the academic translator training can benefit from a suchlike approach. The transdisciplinary / cross-disciplinary project is outlined as the way by which a better practice-oriented and practice-based cumulative knowledge and learning can be formed. Specifically, the paper focuses on some academic translator projects aimed at students' dealing with audiovisual translation of video, infographics and multimedia resources for academic purposes and international events support. The paper illustrates how these projects can be implemented. The authors have stepped up their efforts towards including more transdisciplinary / cross-disciplinary / multidisciplinary projects in their curricula to show how the constructive correlations between educational and professional environment can be built providing more practice-focused knowledge and skills integration for students.
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Статья обзорная
The article is devoted to considering “church construction” on the territory of Kostanay city, which broadly speaking includes building of churches, church government, and administrative organization. The investigations have led to a conclusion that the main factors contributing to soaring church construction in rapidly growing Kostanay city on the cusp of 19th and 20th centuries were active migration processes resulting in movement of significant number of orthodox people from European part of Russia, as well as development of missionary activities among native population. On the basis of photographic documents, the authors have characterized orthodox temple architecture, as well as subdivided churches according to “institutional principle”, composition and spatial dynamics, and style of space-planning decisions. It was found that a greater number of churches in Kostanay were the parish ones, prayer halls of temples had a single or five-domed top, the following architectural styles were distinguished in the temple construction: eclecticism, elements and techniques of provincial Baroque and classicism, national Russian style combined with the techniques of the “brick” style. Within church construction, the government was tasked with designing living environment in general, rather than religious buildings. The urban realm balanced all aspects of confessional life, included its physical, functional_ pragmatic, social, as well as emotional and artistic parameters. After Orthodox temples were built and given certain functions, there were changes in the social structure of the society, the parish was growing, the number of priests was increasing, which led to changes in the urban realm. The environment is connected with the main elements of the urban system, having stability and variability, respectively, which resulted in a set of individual and collective creative acts. The Russian Orthodox Church had a great influence on education and the moral state of urban dwellers. A network of parochial schools was formed at each church and each temple. Such schools pursued not only educational, but also missionary goals.
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Статья научная
The purpose of this study was to study the influence of the variability of weather and heliophysical factors on the appeal to the “Ambulance” service for different groups of nosologies in the population of the Russian North. Information about calls to the emergency medical service of Khanty-Mansiysk was obtained from the database of calls for the period from 2001 to 2021 by disease classes (ICD-10). To assess the dynamics of weather factors, data from the All-Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information and materials from the weather station of Khanty-Mansiysk were used. The dynamics of air temperature; barometric pressure; relative humidity; baric trend; maximum wind speed; weight oxygen content in the air are analyzed. Data on the relative daily number of sunspots are obtained from the materials of the Royal Observatory of Belgium. The average daily values of the level of planetary geomagnetic activity, expressed by the Ap index, are copied from the website of the National Center for Geophysical Data of the USA (Boulder). Mathematical processing was carried out using wavelet analysis. The graph of temperature fluctuations for the period from 2001 to 2021 shows a significant circadian cyclicity and a semi-annual rhythm with a high level of trend. Significant rhythms of barometric pressure with a period of 5 years, 1 year and rhythms close to semi-annual, seasonal and near-monthly are observed. Humidity changes significantly in the circadian and intra-annual rhythms. The baric tendency has significant rhythms: 3 years, 1 year, 6, 3, 2 months. Changes in the maximum wind speed do not have a circadian rhythm, but intra-annual monthly variations are observed. The value of the weight oxygen content has circadian; two-year, five-year; two- and near-monthly rhythms. The relative number of sunspots (W) for the period from 2001 to 2021 is characterized by a five-, two-year and circadian rhythm. When considering the variations of the number W for the period from 1818 to 2017, in addition to the classic eleven-year, annual and near-monthly, rhythms with a period of 42.5 years, 18.1 years and 2.1 years are found. The index of planetary geomagnetic activity (Ar) has a rhythm with a period of 4 years, two-year and near-annual. The significance of all rhythms is p=0.001. When analyzing fluctuations in geomagnetic activity from 1932 to 2016, long-term rhythms are added: 35.00 years; 16.06 years; 10.88 years; semi-annual and three-month rhythms. Despite numerous hypotheses of the search for cosmobiological harmony in the form of “evolutionary synchronisms”, “rhythmic cascades”, “golden section”, the problem of the interaction of exogenous natural rhythms and endogenous rhythms of the human body remains largely unresolved. Comparison of the results of various studies is difficult due to methodological and mathematical approaches. With observation periods of 100-200 years or more, a long-period component is monitored, and in clinical studies (from a day to a week), short-period components are detected. Changing the background in the form of helioclimatic and social variations also does not add accuracy. The use of various methods of time series analysis involves obtaining information of different resolution levels (Fourier transform, SWANN, wavelet analysis). Nevertheless, the results obtained track the classical rhythms of solar and geomagnetic activity with periods of about eleven years, a year and a month. There is also a 35-year-old rhythm, a 42.5-year-old rhythm close to the 44.16-year rhythm identified by Bezrukova A.Ya., at 18.1 years (long-period components of the lunar tide) and other intra-annual rhythms with periods from two weeks to 9 months. The effect of helioclimatic factors on human health indicates the absence of constant coherence (in our case, the consistency of these processes over time, manifested when they are combined), due to the presence of a large number of mega- and mesorhythms, which is manifested by amplitude and phase desynchronization of heliogeophysical indicators and health status.
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Would-be specialists’ vocational training within the course “English for academic mobility”
Статья научная
This article addresses the issues of would-be specialists’ vocational training within the course “English for Academic Mobility”. The course is an important part of lifelong leaning vocational training, which is supposed to provide training for modern specialists who are ready to fulfil their potential and build up their learning curve utilizing up-to-date information, advanced technological platforms and company resources. The authors emphasize that, despite the current world situation, higher education institutions of Russia continue to implement programmes within the framework of international cooperation, and are also looking for new opportunities and directions for academic and scientific partnerships. Thus, academic mobility being a key aspect of any educational organisation activities has not lost its ground under the current circumstances. The article illustrates the implementation of the “English for Academic Mobility” course aiming at preparing the Nizhnevartovsk State University students (would-be specialists) for successful participation in both international academic mobility programmes and competitive labour market in future. The article provides a description of the course developed by the teachers of Nizhnevartovsk State University and defines its importance as one of the links in the professional training of NVSU students in the framework of continuing education.
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XX Всемирный конгресс Международной федерации переводчиков
Статья научная
Обзор материалов XX всемирного конгресса международной федерации переводчиков «Человек или машина: дилемма перевода - будущее устных и письменных переводчиков и терминологов», состоявшегося в Берлинском Свободном университете (г. Берлин, 4-6 августа 2014 г.)
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Статья научная
В статье дан анализ стратегии поисково-разведочных работ на территории Ханты-Мансийского национального округа в 1950-е гг., накануне эпохи «великих геологических открытий». Выявлены факторы, определившие длительную локализацию нефтяного поиска на периферии Западно-Сибирской низменности, в Сибирском Приуралье, после открытия здесь Березовского газового (1953 г.) и Шаимского нефтяного (1960 г.) месторождений. Показано, как это повлияло на финансирование и объемы работ экспедиций Среднего Приобья, что, в итоге, задержало открытие Западно-Сибирской нефтегазоносной провинции. Данные, приведенные в статье, подтверждают, что в отличие от Тюменского геологического управления, которое медлило с выходом в этот район, новосибирские геологи интенсифицировали нефтепоисковые работы в Широтном Приобье и, в значительной мере, подготовили открытие Мегионского и Усть-Балыкского месторождений.
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Статья научная
Статья посвящена анализу истоков и содержания инициированной германским рейхсканцлером в 1870-е гг. политики «культуркампфа». «Борьба за культуру» сыграла решающую роль не только в становлении партии «Центр» как одной из наиболее влиятельных политических партий рейхстага второй половины XIX в., но и в истории Германии в целом. Политическая направленность первого германского рейхсканцлера в сторону сильного светского государства, контролирующего и ограничивающего церковные структуры, первоначально шла на пользу объединенной в 1871 г. империи и соответствовала веяниям времени. Но проводимые рейхсканцлером жесткие ограничительные законы привели к полицейскому произволу и ущемлению католического населения Германской империи. Автор выявляет основные причины, приведшие к гонениям и репрессиям католического меньшинства Германской империи. В тесной взаимосвязи с изучаемой темой рассматриваются проблемы объединения Германской империи, партикуляризма, федерализма, ультрамонтанства и конфессиональных конфликтов. Исследование базируется на трудах российских и немецких исследователей и на законодательных актах Пруссии и Германской империи. Кроме того, были привлечены представленные в стенографических отчетах рейхстага материалы парламентских прений и извлечения из мемуаров современников событий.
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Статья научная
В статье на примере анализа публикаций в «Тобольских епархиальных ведомостях» рассматривается возможность использования периодического печатного издания как источника по истории социального обеспечения и благотворительности Русской православной церкви в 1882-1905 гг. Отмечается, что вопросы благотворительности и социального обеспечения освещались в «Тобольских епархиальных ведомостях» в двух плоскостях: пропедевтический корпус и информационные материалы о жизни и деятельности епархиальных, приходских и корпоративных благотворительных организаций. Пропедевтический корпус актуализировал указанные направления деятельности епархиального руководства и духовенства посредством проповеди, объявлений и воззваний, в основном размещался в неофициальной части издания и был, зачастую, переполнен «эмоциональными высказываниями». Информационные материалы о жизни и деятельности епархиальных, приходских и корпоративных благотворительных организаций размещены в официальном отделе, имеют четкую структуру. Делается вывод об уникальности «Тобольских епархиальных ведомостей» как источника, содержащего широкий спектр разнообразной информации по истории социального обеспечения и благотворительности Русской православной церкви указанного периода.
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Статья научная
В статье рассматриваются истоки и причины появления и широкого распространения аббревиатур в русском языке, спорные вопросы, связанные с морфемным членением аббревиатур и определением их места в системе способов деривации. Выделяются тематические группы аббревиатур, анализируются их стилистические функции и особенности употребления в основных функциональных разновидностях языка.
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Адаптационные возможности и морфо-функциональные особенности студентов, проживающих в Югре
Статья научная
Представлены результаты изучения функционального состояния и адаптационных возможностей организма студентов, проживающих на Севере. Для реализации исследования были использованы следующие методы: антропометрия (расчет индекса массы тела), динамометрия, спирометрия (определение должных значений жизненной емкости легких), регистрация параметров гемодинамики. Измерение адаптационного потенциала по формуле Р.М. Баевского. Статистическая обработка результатов и систематизация материала проводилась с помощью программ MicrosoftExcel, 2007, «Биостатистика 4.03», корреляционный анализ выполняли по методу Ч.Э. Спирмена. Установлено, что неблагоприятные факторы Севера, а также высокие интеллектуальные и эмоциональные нагрузки вызывают нарушение морфо-функционального состояние организма студентов, которые чаще встречаются у юношей. Обнаружена избыточная масса тела у 7,5% юношей и 30% девушек, а также повышенное содержание жира у 20% юношей и 12,9% девушек. Выявлены функциональные перестройки в системе внешнего дыхания у студентов, проявляющиеся в отклонении значений жизненной емкости легких от должных величин более чем на 80% (у 18,5% девушек и 20% юношей)...
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Статья научная
Ботанический сад в г. Сургуте является самым северным в Западной Сибири и одним из самых северных ботанических садов в России, он является основным форпостом для продвижения новых агро- и биотехнологий на Крайний Север. В настоящее время коллекция декоративных растений Сургутского ботанического сада насчитывает около 200 видов и сортов травянистых растений, относящихся к 60 родам и 32 семействам, и около 210 видов, форм и культиваров древесных растений. Целью работы являлось изучение механизмов адаптации некоторых декоративных растений из коллекции ботанического сада с использованием современного портативного флавонид- и хлорофиллометра DUALEX. Объекты исследований - пять представителей травянистых растений из рода Iris L. - Iris hungarica Waldst. &Kit., Irisvariegata L., Iris sibirica L., Iris glaucescens Bunge, Iris sulfurea C. Koch. и восемь видов древесных растений из рода Acer L. - Acer pseudoplatanus L., Acer rubrum L., Acer trautvetteri Medw., Acer tataricum L., Acer ukurunduense Trautv...
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Адаптация экосистем Среднего Приобья в зоне нефтедобычи: иерархия и длительность процессов
Статья научная
Выявлено, что адаптации экосистем развиваются на разных уровнях организации: от аутэкологического до ландшафтного. Общий процесс адаптаций экосистем характеризуется следующим. Биологически позитивные изменения развиваются параллельно на разных уровнях организации экосистем, причем эти процессы часто протекают относительно независимо. Восстановительные процессы на разных уровнях формируются в различных временных масштабах: от быстрых процессов (время развития - несколько дней) до процессов с характерным временем в несколько десятилетий. Быстрые реакции водорослей реализуются по нескольким сценариям: 1) размножение эвгленовых ( Euglenophyta ) с высоким уровнем биоразнообразия в лентических водоемах; 2) цветение синезеленых ( Cianophyta - Cianobacteria ) с доминированием Anabaena cirenalis Rabenh et Flah. ; 3) вариант быстрой реакции - развитие видов рода Spirogira, часто с доминированием Ulotrix variabilis Kutz. Характерное время - в течение сезона активной вегетации. На фоне олиготрофности экосистем слабое и умеренное загрязнение антропогенными полютантами вызывает активизацию процессов накопления (ростовые процессы) и деструкции биомассы (активизация грибов-деструкторов и почвенных ферментов-целлюлаз)...
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Адаптивность нормативов по физической подготовке в российских вузах для иностранных военнослужащих
Статья научная
Статья посвящена проблеме оценки и нормативных требований, предъявляемых к уровню физической подготовленности иностранных военнослужащих в российских высших военных учебных учреждениях. Уровень физической подготовленности у поступающих, и в дальнейшем обучающихся, иностранных военнослужащих низкий, что, во-первых, связано с внутренней политикой стран в отношении физической культуры и воспитания молодежи, во-вторых, с личным отношением иностранных военнослужащих. В итоге, первоочередные задачи учебного процесса по физической подготовке иностранных военнослужащих, характерные для вуза, - совершенствование двигательных способностей, меняются на задачи ознакомления и развития, что соответствует школьной программе. Следовательно, нормативы по физической подготовке становятся непреодолимой проблемой для большинства иностранных военнослужащих на подготовительном и первом годах обучения, что увеличивает по времени возможность их выполнения и процесс овладения содержанием учебной дисциплины «Физическая подготовка»...
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