Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 527
Fundamentals of age-related and functional digital pulse diagnostics
Статья научная
The development of a matrix pulse wave (PW) analyzer became a reality thanks to the implementation of a 3-point PW sensor in 2017, when the test results of the mock-up sample were published. Later, a mobile medical device, which was given provisional name the Pranayama Gadget, was designed and developed by our research team. It is the first mobile medical device capable of tracing undistorted PW of the radial artery. Our article presents some algorithms for processing the PW signal, based on the authors long-term research in the field of measurement and analysis of the PW signals. In particular, a big role in the development of this discipline is played by the new spline base of PW reference patterns that forms the basis for the digital pulse diagnostics
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Статья
Genetically modified T cells expressing chimeric receptors (CAR-T) have become an important tool for the treatment of the CD19+ hematological tumors. Due to a single-chain variable fragment of the antibody as a part of the CAR receptor, the cells acquire their specificity against selected tumorassociated antigens. The 3rd generation CAR also includes transmembrane, co-stimulatory domains, and tyrosine activation motifs derived from CD3z. This design allows the T-cells to recognize antigens in an MHC-independent manner and provides activation and release of cytotoxic cytokines upon recognition of the target. There are several limitations to the effective use of the CAR-T cells for the treatment of solid tumors, among them tumor stroma suppressive activity, poor persistence, and migration of effectors in a tissue. The aim of our project is to improve the CAR-T cells targeting at GD2 and L1CAM neuroblastoma antigens by co-expression with membrane-anchored cytokines.
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Gallo-ellagi-tannins of chamaenerion angustifolium: antitumor activity
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Currently, in Russia and abroad, there is a growing interest in the use of gallo-ellagi-tannins of fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium) as a source of antitumor and immunomodulating agents [1]. Fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium) is a popular tea; it is typical of the flora in many regions of Russia, and therefore studies on its chemical composition and biological activity are relevant. The aim of our research work was to study the possibility of isolating and using gallo-ellagi-tannins as adjuvant for immunization (obtaining a B-cell response) in an experiment in mice.
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Статья научная
Our study identified gas exchange and external respiration characteristics during hypoxia and hypercapnia exposure in young men of the Magadan Region. Materials and methods. A comprehensive survey in young men of military age, 18-21 yr., permanent residents of the Russia’s Northeast, was conducted. A hypoxic-&-hypercapnic respiration test with no CO2 absorption was used. Before and after respiration, using indirect calorimetry method, we analyzed gas composition in exhaled air, external respiration variables, body energy expenditure at rest, respiratory quotient, ventilation equivalents for oxygen and carbon dioxide (Carbonic gas analyzer, Medgraphics VO2000 gas meter). Statistical data processing was performed with Statistica 7.0 package. Results. Significant post-respiratory dynamics in most indicators of gas exchange and external respiration was found. In response to hypoxia and hypercapnia effects, an increase in the energy consumption at rest, in minute volume of body temperature and pressure saturation, in carbon dioxide emission and oxygen consumption per minute was observed with significantly decreased oxygen utilization factor. Conclusion. Effects of hypoxic-&-hypercapnic test can be seen as pronounced readjustments in analyzed variables: intensed metabolism at the test peak and that reduced below baseline in the recovery period. In this case, breathing patterns are readjusted with pronounced increase in pulmonary ventilation and higher values in breathing depth in comparison with the baseline value at each stage of the recovery period, up to its 3rd minute.
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Статья научная
Aims This paper treats general problems of metrology and indirect measurement methods in cardiology. It is aimed at an identification of error estimation criteria for indirect measurements of heart cycle phase durations. Materials and A comparative analysis of an ECG of the ascending aorta recorded with the methods use of the Hemodynamic Analyzer Cardiocode (HDA lead) versus conventional V3, V4, V5, V6 lead system ECGs is presented herein. Criteria for heart cycle phase boundaries are identified with graphic mathematical differentiation. Stroke volumes of blood SV calculated on the basis of the HDA phase duration measurements vs. echocardiography data are compared herein. Results The comparative data obtained in the study show an averaged difference at the level of 1%. An innovative noninvasive measuring technology originally developed by a Russian R & D team offers measuring stroke volume of blood SV with a high accuracy. Conclusion In practice, it is necessary to take into account some possible errors in measurements caused by hardware. Special attention should be paid to systematic errors.
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Статья научная
For the purpose of research of the cardiovascular system performance, various electromagnetic phenomena are widely considered. In particular, an ECG is treated as a result from the electrical activity by the myocardial cells. As to our research team, at the first stage of creating the cardiometric theory, we have focused on hemodynamics: our attention has been occupied in developing a fresh model of the human blood flow from the point of view of fluid mechanics [1]. Our mathematical concept of the cardiac cycle phase structure, which determines the cardiovascular system performance, has allowed achieving very good results in diagnostics. We have succeeded in making a number of scientific discoveries which have become the basis for a new science: cardiometry. But our experience has demanded to make further important steps in research, and we have concentrated our efforts on developing new methods of therapy to effectively solve the problems revealed by cardiometry.
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Genome-wide analysis of triple-negative phenotype breast tumors
Статья
Introduction. Identification of the molecular genetic phenotype of breast carcinomas is an important prognostic factor of the disease, and helps to personalize the treatment of such patients. According to the evidence data from the reference literature, breast cancer (BC) with a triple negative phenotype among all molecular subtypes accounts for about 10-24%, showing the most aggressive progression and, as a result, has the worst prognosis.
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Glaucoma diagnosis based on colour and spatial features using Kernel SVM
Статья научная
The main aim of the paper is to develop an early detection system for glaucoma classification using the fundus images. By reviewing the various glaucoma image classification schemes, suitable features and supervised approaches are identified. An automated Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system is developed for glaucoma based on soft computing techniques. It consists of three stages. The Region Of Interest (ROI) is selected in the first stage that comprises of Optic Disc (OD) region only. It is selected automatically based on the on the green channel’s highest intensity. In the second stage, features such as colour and Local Binary patterns (LBP) are extracted. In the final stage, classification of fundus image is achieved by employing supervised learning of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier for classifying the fundus images into either normal or glaucomatous. The evaluation of the CAD system on four public databases; ORIGA, RIM-ONE, DRISHTI-GS, and HRF show that LBP gives promising results than the conventional colour features.
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Статья научная
Aims The aim is to determine interaction of risk factors (volume of ingested food and exogenous alcohol) and their effects on thermal regulation of a body due to the changed activity of biochemical reactions of neuromediator regulatory systems, related to the synthesis of endogenous alcohol. Materials and methods Based on study of neurological status, biochemical and instrumental methods of precordial mapping, urine specific gravity and thermometry of five biologically active points, 1200 males were examined for pathogenic mechanisms of endogenous alcohol synthesis and formation of time parameters of cardiac and clinical manifestation of somatogenic depression, metabolic syndrome and alcohol abuse with formation of encephalopathies. Results The amount of endogenous alcohol determines disorders in the bradykininacetylcholine and dopamine-noradrenalin systems and formation of clinical syndromes in the continuum of somatogeny-psychogeny (according to the international classification of diseases (ICD-10)). Conclusion Changes in thermal regulation were accompanied with changes of functional mechanisms of Glomus Caroticus, affecting erythrocyte and its receptors, related to atomic oxygen and hydrogen in atmosphere, with formation of relevant pH values of arterial and venous blood, amount of endogenous alcohol.
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Group travel influencing work-life balance of millennials: the study of IT companies in Pune
Статья научная
Work-life balance (WLB) is a subject of primary concern for every organization. This paper attempted to delineate the influence of group travel on the WLB of millennials working in the IT companies in Pune. The study of group travel was compared to individual journeys. Four factors of group travel: escapism, refreshment, bonding, gain a new perspective; we’re used to establish a relationship between group travel and work-life balance. Data were collected from 214 millennials employed in IT companies in Pune using an online survey. Multiple regressions analysis has affirmed that group travel has a positive and significant influence on the work-life balance of the millennials. The findings of this study would contribute to crucial contributors such as the company to modify the policies regarding travel vacation for the employees and acts as marketing inputs to outside stakeholders like travel agencies, hotels, and hospitality businesses.
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Harnessing the power of ML and NLP for decision making in education sector from social media data
Статья научная
The active social media users across the globe have passed the 3.8 billion mark. Platforms like Facebook, Reddit, Instagram, Twitter, and more are an ocean full of opinions and views. With over 500 million tweets being generated daily, this enormous volume of data can offer very prominent insights and allow organizations and businesses to make strategic decisions. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the landscape of learning and education dramatically. With a sudden deviation from the classroom in many parts of the world, some wonder if the adoption of online learning will continue with the outbreak of the post-epidemic epidemic and how such a change could affect the global education market. The crux of the problem is how we need to analyze vast amounts of data efficiently. We chose to employ advanced ML and NLP techniques to analyze the sentiment of the masses on digital learning and important extracting demographic information from them. In this paper, we will make an effort to understand the orientation of the academicians towards the recent online education adoption. We will collect the data from the tweets using the trending tags of COVID-19 and Online classes.
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Статья научная
BODY: Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is a health crisis, which has almost impacted every industry, causing steep inroads into the global economy, and the pharmaceutical industry is no exception. Retail pharmacists are the most approachable and immediate healthcare aid to the general public. Pharmacists can implement guidance and best practices in response to the rapidly changing COVID-19 pandemic to ensure patient and staff safety and the approaches pharmacy teams across the country. Social distancing and lockdown measures taken by the Indian government have been greatly affected by the retail pharmacy industry, leading to disruption in the supply chain of medicines and other precautionary equipment. Medication management, necessary safety equipment, and preparedness for handling drug shortages are the focus points for the retail pharmacy industry in these times of the pandemic. As the retail pharmacy comes under essential services and is operating continuously during the lockdown period, there is a need to highlight and gauge the preparedness and preventive measures undertaken by pharmacists in India during this medical emergency. AIM: This research aims to analyze the retail pharmacy administration in India towards essential medication, to check adherence to key preventative measures and activities performed in inpatient counseling for self-management and safe dispensing of medicines in COVID-19 & lockdown period and the barriers faced/concerns towards these measures. METHODOLOGY: This study is based on methods of quantitative analysis from retail pharmacies in India. The survey questionnaire was drafted on Google forms and sent to various retail pharmacy outlets. The data pertains to various medications’ storage and consumption pattern, concerns over day-to-day activities in the pharmacy, and preventive measures implemented by pharmacists towards COVID-19 preparedness. RESULT: 167 pharmacists addressed the questionnaire across various regions of the country by different types of pharmacy: community pharmacy (66.5%), retail pharmacy section in a private (14.4%) and public hospital (11.4%), and clinical pharmacy (7.8%). The statements developed for the study are closely related, and a good Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.881 was achieved. One-way ANOVA testing determined that out of 12 statements on the preparedness of pharmacy, nine statements showed a significant difference concerning the types of pharmacy implementing the preventive measures.
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Healthcare consumer behaviour: the impact of digital transformation of healthcare on consumer
Статья научная
Healthcare consumer behavior is influenced by the cumulative impact of internal/external factors. Individual considerations, and interplay amongst determinants, are both crucial. Today, customers demand more information, greater options, and real-time interactions. Customer engagement has become crucial. Digital Transformation with emerging technologies like AI, Blockchain, Telemedicine, etc., helps physicians, optimizes systems, improves patient experience, and reduces human errors. This paper discusses factors influencing healthcare consumers’ behavior and provides insights into digital technologies to enhance the consumer experience. The qualitative method is used by engaging a closed consumer group in discussion and through in-depth interviews. The analysis provides an insight into the behavior of healthcare consumers. The study finds that the new breed of consumers is well informed about healthcare providers’ digital readiness. The factors influencing consumers to select healthcare providers include digital readiness of the healthcare provider, good customer experience, word of mouth, and brand image.
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Статья научная
Aims Up to the present, ECGs have been classified on the basis of the analysis of the ECG curve shape. But this made impossible to classify many ECG shapes. The most promising methods for the classification must evaluate each of the 10 cardiac cycle phases both by their functions and hemodynamic parameters. The aim hereof is to develop the new classification principles for all possible ECG shape variations. Materials and methods The heart cycle phase analysis method is used to calculate the hemodynamic parameters in each of 10 phases, like the phase-related blood volumes and the level of contraction of the corresponding cardiovascular musculature determining its function dynamics in the cardiac cycle phase structure related to the compensation mechanism for maintaining normal hemodynamics. Results An ECG phase changes periodic table consisting of 10 groups of the actual ECG curves typical for the corresponding pathologies is proposed. Each group contains 4 levels of characteristic phase changes. Conclusion The ECG phase changes periodic table is the first attempt to classify the great variety of the ECG shapes. In this case the proposed system requires further investigations. It has been demonstrated that the theoretical concept of the table is in compliance with practice. Further it is planned to improve characteristics of every group and every level.
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Heart rate variability analysis: physiological foundations and main methods
Статья обзорная
The article presents the main provisions of the methodology for the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), which is now actively and widely implemented in many fields of medicine and applied physiology. This methodology was first developed in space medicine, where, already during the first manned spaceflights, there was a need in operative assessment of the person's reactions and abilities to maintain high performance and good level of health under different stress conditions. The HRV analysis methodology is based on the measurement of a consecutive series of cardiac cycle durations, for which electrocardiography, rheocardiography, ballistic cardiography, etc., can be used. The resulting numerical series are subjected to mathematical analysis using statistical, spectral and other methods. The results are interpreted as medical and physiological criteria of the functional state of the organism. Based on the mathematical model, a probabilistic approach to the prediction of pathological conditions was proposed...
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Hedonic hunger: eating for desire and not calories
Статья научная
Hedonic hunger can be described as a state where an individual experiences recurrent feelings, thoughts, and desires about food in the absence of energy deprivation. Living in an obesogenic environment where cheap, tasty foods are available in plentiful amounts is one of the major causes of hedonic hunger development. Hedonic hunger can be analyzed using a power of food scale (PFS) which estimates appetite and not palatable food consumption. The current epidemic of obesity globally (termed as “globesity” by WHO) is seen to be majorly driven by the hedonic eating system and an imbalance in the energy homeostasis system. Previous studies indicate that hedonic hunger and obesity are associated, and a weak but no significant correlation exists between BMI and PFS score. It can lead to the development of various lifestyle disorders in the longer run. High levels of pleasure- driven hunger can even lead to detrimental health outcomes like poor glycaemic control, unhealthy dietary behavior, and increased lipid profile levels which are aggravated explicitly in cardiovascular diseases. With the adaptation to western dietary lifestyle, people are keener to opt for food options that can be damaging and harmful when low levels of self-control, dietary motivation, and healthy dietary habits are absent. Apart from the reward regulation system, which has a direct effect on hedonic hunger, certain external factors like emotional eating, meals and meal preparation, food cravings, sleep, physical activity, stress, social media, portion size, peer influence, an atmosphere of a restaurant can also promote more than required intake of food. This review article summarizes the above findings taking into account the plethora of research studies conducted so far.
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Статья научная
The results of this study have demonstrated the possibility of improving the efficiency of restoring hemodynamics and an adaptive status in patients with high-grade brain tumors by using transcranial magnetic therapy (TMT). The convenience and expediency of using the diagnostic criteria of the cardiac analyzer software CARDIOCODE consisted in obtaining complex digital data sets related to the main phase changes in the cardiac performance, energy supply and metabolism, associated with the corrective effect produced by TMT in the early postsurgery period. At the same time, it is noted that acting in concert by the cardiac performance can be provided against the background of the formation of a stable type of an integral reaction of calm activation
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Hierarchy of biological rhythms, chronodiagnostics and bio-feedback
Статья обзорная
An overview of the author’s original works dedicated to the hierarchy of biological rhythms, chronodiagnostics and bio-controlled chronophysiotherapy is presented herein. Stability of biosystems is based on harmony of discrete spectra of their biological rhythms with a spectrum of normal cosmoheliogeophysical rhythms. According to the extent, the nature and the sort of the phase-related, systematic and hierarchical desynchronoses it is possible to diagnose and forecast the condition and the resistance of biosystems at their respective level. An efficient management of life is possible by bio-synchronization of an external physical action with the phases of increasing of energy supply for the respective responses of a biosystem. A prerequisite for bio-resonance is a multi-frequency parallel resonant capture. An invariant ratio of biological rhythms periods in their hierarchy explains an exclusive sensitivity of the biosystems to biologically significant information influences under their high noise immunity to influences having a single constant frequency or showing an abnormal range of frequencies. Chronodiagnostics identifies disorders (desynchronoses) at the early preclinical stage of a disease. Bio-controlled chronophysiotherapy allows eliminating not only the symptoms, but also the causes of diseases (desynchronoses) in an organism.
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Histopathological analyses of breast cancer using deep learning
Статья научная
Deep Learning hosts a plethora of variants and models in Convolution Neural Networks (CNN), where the prudence of these methods is algorithmically proven when implemented with sturdy datasets. Much number of haphazard structures and textures are found in the histopathological images of breast cancer, where dealing with such multicolor and multi-structure components in the images is a challenging task. Working with such data in wet labs proves clinically consistent results, but added with the computational models will improvise them empirically. In this paper, we proposed a model to diagnose breast cancer using raw images of breast cancer with different resolutions, irrespective of the structures and textures. The floating image is mapped with the healthy reference image and examined using different statistics such as cross correlations and phase correlations. Experiments are carried out with the aim of establishing the optimal performance on histopathological images. The model attained satisfactory results and are proved good for decision making in cancer diagnosis.
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