"War film" as genre: motives of memory in the imaginative system of films of the 1970th years about the Great Patriotic War

The motif of the memory of the Great Patriotic War is the leading in the figurative system of soviet films of the 1970s on the military theme, which occupied a firm place in the production plan of film studios and significant in the genre palette of soviet cinema in 1968-1985. It was at the turn of the 1960s and 1970s that the memory of the war was institutionalized: official celebrations of the Victory Day were starting, active erection and opening of memorial complexes were being started, communities of war veterans were being formed, historical and patriotic novels and memoirs of military commanders, etc. Soviet cinema in the 1970s reflected this change in the country's memorial culture in a voluminous and diverse manner, artistically embodied on the screen various forms and meanings of individual and popular memory of the war. The two screen approaches, identified in this period, were analyzed, in which the comprehension of the war was realized. The first - large-scale "artistic and documentary epics", sustained in the mainstream of official Soviet historiography. Another artistic approach to understanding the war is not epic, not panoramic, but, on the contrary, "chamber" and "small-scale" in the coverage of events of a picture about the war time and the memory of generations returning to war. The material of the Soviet films of the 1970s, mainly the Leningrad fiction cinema, reveals various ways of embodying the motive of memory in the artistic structure of paintings and its significance in the formation of the ideological and stylistic image of films. In war films, the motive of memory is a plot-forming beginning, realized as a narrative technique of flashbacks of the hero, is embodied in the parallel development of the story lines that close the events of the war and modernity, sounds in various non-diegetic material that opens or closes the film. It is concluded that the artistic focus on the preservation and actualization of the memory of the events of the war highlights the considered films in the original filmography community of soviet cinema of the 1970s. The cinematographic specificity of this community lies in the meaning of the artistic motive of memory in the imaginative system of films.