Современные представления о диагностике и лечении эссенциальной тромбоцитемии

Автор: Абдулкадыров К.М., Шуваев В.А., Мартынкевич И.С., Удальева В.Ю., Фоминых М.С.

Журнал: Вестник гематологии @bulletin-of-hematology

Рубрика: Передовая статья

Статья в выпуске: 1 т.10, 2014 года.

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Эссенциальная тромбоцитемия (ЭТ) - редкое опухолевое заболевание кроветворной системы, число впервые выявленных больных которым в год составляет приблизительно 1,5 - 2,53 : 100 000 населения. Синонимы, ранее применявшиеся для описания данного заболевания: хронический мегакариоцитарный лейкоз, геморрагическая тромбоцитемия и др. Патогенетически ЭТ представляет собой заболевание костного мозга, при котором пролиферация мегакариоцитов приводит к персистирующему гипертромбоцитозу с риском развития сосудистых тромбозов и тромбоэмболий. При длительном течении пролиферация гемопоэтических клеток приводит к фиброзу и замещению деятельного костного мозга волокнами коллагена - развитию вторичного посттромбоцитемического миелофиброза. У части больных может происходить дальнейшее прогрессирование болезни в фазу бластной трансформации. В последние годы достигнуты значительные успехи в расшифровке молекулярно-генетических механизмов ЭТ, что позволяет пересмотреть принципы стратификации рисков и подходов к лечению, с созданием новых классов лекарственных препаратов, обладающих патогенетическим действием. В настоящей статье представлен систематизированный, с учетом последних сведений о механизмах развития заболевания и терминологии, алгоритм ведения больных эссенциальной тромбоцитемией с описанием всех этапов диагностики и терапии.

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Эссенциальная тромбоцитемия, алгоритм, шкала прогноза риска тромбозов, воз-эт, анагрелид, руксолитиниб

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/170172515

IDR: 170172515

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