Classical university as a system of scientific and educational activities: Russian historical experience and contemporary challenges

The article considers the main tendencies of forming the Russian university education. The article regards the assertion of the scientific principles, which correspond to the project of the European classical university. The author proceeds from the premise that the combination of research and educational processes has become a necessity for both science and universities. The article underlines the special role of outstanding Russian scientists in the development and adoption of the scientific principle in universities, as well as the organic connection of the civil position of university scientists in Russia and their active research activities. The article indicates the dependence of modern problems of Russian university education on the historical features of its formation. The article indicates the main problems that appear in connection with the reform of the scientific and educational sphere in modern Russia and the threats they pose to the existence of this sphere.