Генетика COVID-19

Генетика COVID-19

Автор: Вологжанин Дмитрий Александрович, Голота Александр Сергеевич, Камилова Татьяна Аскаровна, Шнейдер Ольга Вадимовна, Щербак Сергей Григорьевич

Журнал: Клиническая практика @clinpractice

Рубрика: Обзоры

Статья в выпуске: 1 т.12, 2021 года.

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Резюме: COVID-19 характеризуется широким спектром клинических проявлений - от бессимптомного до крайне тяжелого. В начале пандемии стало ясно, что пожилой возраст и хронические заболевания являются основным фактором риска, однако они не в полной мере объясняют разнообразие симптоматики и осложнений инфекции коронавируса SARS-COV-2. Генетические факторы риска COVID-19 находятся в начальной стадии изучения. Идентифицирован ряд мутаций и полиморфизмов, влияющих на структуру и стабильность белков - факторов восприимчивости к инфекции SARS-COV-2, а также предрасположенности к развитию дыхательной недостаточности и потребности в интенсивной терапии. Большинство идентифицированных генетических факторов имеет отношение к функциям иммунной системы. С другой стороны, на распространение и тяжесть течения COVID-19 влияет генетический полиморфизм самого вируса. Геном вируса накапливает мутации и эволюционирует в сторону повышения контагиозности, репликативной способности и уклонения от иммунной системы хозяина. Генетические детерминанты инфекции представляют собой потенциальные терапевтические мишени, а их изучение предоставит информацию для разработки лекарств и вакцин с целью борьбы с пандемией.

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Covid-19, коронавирус, sars-cov-2, генетические факторы предрасположенности, мутация, полиморфизм

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/143175856

IDR: 143175856   |   DOI: 10.17816/clinpract64972

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