Sustainable food systems and nutrition in the 21st century

Food systems are at the center of attention caused by a rapidly changing climate, increasing hunger and malnutrition, as well as significant social inequality. At the same time, there are ample opportunities to ensure that food systems produce healthy and safe food, which contributes to environmental sustainability. This study provides an understanding and highlights the importance of food systems to address malnutrition and noncommunicable diseases, climate change and related economic and social inequalities. Within the framework of this work, the structure of food systems was analyzed, where the key forms of interaction were: food supply chains, food environment, individual factors, diets and consumer behavior. Also, barriers to the spread of a proper diet were identified, such as malnutrition, inequality, inaccessibility, etc. After analyzing the problems and forms of interaction, recommendations on the formation of sustainable food systems are given. Thanks to these adjustments, the market will be able to distribute healthy food on a larger scale than today. The transformation of commodity systems is possible, and digestive and health communities have an important role to play in this transformative process.