Comparative analysis of the pharmaceutical markets of China and the Russian Federation and prospects for their further development

The pharmaceutical industry is one of the largest, with global sales exceeding $800 billion in 2022. The industry is highly knowledge-intensive, and companies are investing heavily in the development and production of new molecules and drugs. Research and development costs are quite high, and it may take several years to bring a new drug to market. In addition to research and development, pharmaceutical companies also invest in preclinical and clinical trials, validation, bioequivalence, manufacturing, registration, marketing and distribution. To date, there are several leading pharmaceutical markets: European, American, Chinese, Indian and Russian. All these markets have their own history of formation, clear features, advantages and prospects. One of the leading markets are the markets of Russia and China. Of particular interest are their similarities and differences, periods of formation, foreign investment and future prospects. To do this, the article will conduct a comparative analysis of the pharmaceutical markets of the Russian Federation and China, as well as identify further prospects for the development of pharmaceutical markets in these countries.