Variety of tasting and biochemical characteristics of sea buckthorn fruits under the conditions of the Central Chernozem region of Russia (on the example of the Orel region)

The purpose of the research was to study the main biochemical parameters and tasting qualities of the fruits of 18 varieties of sea buckthorn of various ecological and geographical origin. The objectives of the research included monitoring of the main biochemical parameters in the fruits of sea buckthorn, depending on the weather conditions of the growing seasons content. The research was carried out in 2001-2007 at the Federal State Budgetary Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. The sampling was carried out at the experimental site of the department of breeding and variety study of berry crops, analysis of the chemical composition of berries - in the laboratory of biochemical and technological evaluation of varieties and storage of the Institute. The content of soluble solids, sugars, and organic acids in fruits was studied using generally accepted methods. The sea buckthorn plantation was laid in the spring of 1999. The planting scheme is 4.0x1.5 m. The applied plant treatment is generally accepted for industrial plantations of sea buckthorn in the conditions of the Central Park. It was revealed that the taste of fruits was determined not only by the gross content of acids and sugar, but also by the ratio between individual acids and the sum of sugar. The tasting evaluation of fresh sea buckthorn fruits showed that the most harmonious (balanced) taste is characterized by the fruits of the varieties Caramel, Petrovka, Baikal, Early table, Elite 8-51, Donchanka, Golden Key. It was determined that the indicator "aroma" of berries was a varietal feature. It is most pronounced in varieties created on the basis of Baltic Sea buckthorn from the Kaliningrad region of the Russian Federation - Konigsberg, Sailor, Baltic Surprise, Golden Braid, Yellow-fruited. The following varieties have the highest rating for this indicator: Golden Braid, Konigsberg, Baltic Surprise (4.7 points).