Some types of Early Iron Age knobbed rings

The paper discusses some Early Iron Age knobbed ring types discovered in central, eastern and southern parts of Europe. Rings with 2 to 5 granules forming a rosette, those with pegs to which 3-5 beads are attached, and some with single knobs are considered. The research sample consists of 188 finds from 67 sites. A typology of the artifacts is proposed, with two orders, six ring types, and a series of subtypes and varieties. The knobbed ring types under study existed mainly from the 6th until the 3rd century BCE, while the youngest specimens are extremely rare and date back to the 2nd - 1st century BCE. The main areas of their distribution are the Northern Black Sea region and the Balkan-Carpathian region.