Mathematical models of natural and man-made ionospheric disturbances

The models describing structure of electronic ionospheric concentration are considered. The various disturbance types as natural, and technological character arising in the ionosphere are investigated: Chapman's layer, double-layer ionospheric plasma, model of radial symmetric ionospheric plasma, and also local inhomogeneity model with the lowered electronic concentration at height of a maximum of a layer and with the increased electronic concentration outside of a layer. The models of semi-periodical structures are considered. The mathematical model allowing to receive structures electronic concentration is given when heterogeneity have any orientation.