Biopsychosocial model of schizophrenia: family counceling and psychotherapy as a part of psychosocial rehabilitation in the complex aproach of treatment of schizophrenia

Biopsychosocial model of schizophrenia: heredity, psychological peculiarities, social environment of the patient. Three groups of symptoms: positive, negative, neurocognitive deficit. Influence of the family on the development of disease, adaptation and prognosis is confirmed by multiple scientific investigations. Impact on the family is in general not purposeful and is conducted according to the principle «target symptom». 4 groups of the family's response to the course of the disease: acute onset and awareness of the evidence of illness by the family; subacute onset and worsening the illness confront relatives, long-standing period of recovery after a seizure and non-belief of the family in forces of the patient, prolonged course of the disease and resignation of the members of the family with created position. Forms of rendering the psychosocial assistance: individual and group, training of social skills, ability to cope with residual symptoms of the illness, family psychotherapy. The earlier the rendering of assistance starts the less losses are brought by the illness and the milder the process of adaptation occurs. Multiprofessional team renders assistance: psychiatrist, psychotherapist, clinical psychologist and social worker. The opening of the clinic of the first psychotic episode is planned. Formation of the service with support of the community will reduce level of stigmatization.