Biological productivity and actual yield of red raspberries as the basis for high economic efficiency in the conditions of central Russia

The purpose of the research is to identify new promising varieties of red raspberries for introduction into production and further selection. Varieties Rannyaya zarya, Illyuziya, Sokolenok, Fantaziya, Maroseyka and Volnitsa outperform the control variety Sputnitsa in actual yield in the range of 7% (Volnitsa) to 91% (Rannyaya zarya). The calculation of the economic efficiency of raspberry cultivation has clearly shown the advantages and prospects for the production of these varieties. With an average selling price of 222.5 rubles / kg, the profitability of berry production varied from 102.6% (Volnitsa) to 152.1% (Rannyaya zarya). The indicator of the control variety Sputnitsa reached 96.4 per cent. In general, it should be noted that the cultivation of almost all the studied raspberry varieties, except for the Ivars variety, whose profitability was 30%, is characterized by high economic efficiency. Production costs per 1 ha of cultivation of the control variety Sputnitsa amounted to 1,619.73 thousand rubles during the operaton period. The costs of cultivating new varieties that exceed the control one in yield increase from 4% (Volnitsa variety) to 49% (Rannyaya zarya variety). The maximum share of costs is the purchase of planting material, the organization of drip irrigation, the purchase of mineral fertilizers and plant protection products, as well as, manual berry picking. The prime cost of 1 ton of Sputnitsa berries was 113.27 thousand rubles. The unit cost of production of new varieties has decreased from 3% for Volnitsa to 22.1 % for variety Rannyaya zarya. For production, the most important economic indicator is the income from the sale of products. Net income for the standard variety was 1,562.02 thousand rubles. When cultivating the Volnitsa variety, this indicator increased by 10 %, and the most productive variety Rannyaya zarya - by 235%. Varieties Rannyaya zarya, Illyuziya, Sokolenok, Fantasy, Maroseyka and Volnitsa are also recommended for further selection.