Analysis of the microbial community of chernozems with different degrees of anthropogenic load on the territory of the Uryupinsky district of the Volgograd region

Local pollution of the soil cover is an urgent environmental problem. Pollutants in zones of active technogenesis are deposited into the soil in areas of release, and are also transported translocally and affect the species composition of the soil microbiota. Microorganisms are the main decomposers of organic matter in the soil - indispensable, but rather vulnerable elements of ecosystem stability. The article presents the results of a microbiological study of soil microorganisms in chernozem soils located in zones with different levels of anthropogenic load. A comparative analysis of the soil microbiota of the territory of the oil extraction plant and the natural area of the steppe zone was carried out. A qualitative reaction of decomposition of cellulose in textile fabrics by microorganisms is presented. The total microbial count was calculated, microscopy of bacterial cells was performed. The results of the study showed that the activity of the soil microbiota of the oil extraction plant is suppressed compared to the area of the virgin steppe, the species diversity is low, and the microorganisms are in a state of anabiosis.