Economics of the agro-industrial complex. Рубрика в журнале - Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast
Assessing export potential of the country in the context of global demand in the world food market
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Development scenarios for Russia's dairy industry
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Innovative modernization of Russia's dairy industry is a key factor in ensuring the country's food and environmental security in the context of increasing export orientation. The goal of our research is to substantiate the concept for development of the dairy industry in Russia and to develop forecast scenarios for its functioning based on the introduction of the best available technologies. The paper reveals specific features of functioning of the industry and the contradictions they cause. We conclude that effective development of the industry is possible only under balanced state policy that takes into account international experience and the challenges that the industry has to deal with. We analyze the use of the best available technologies in the dairy industry in Russia and propose a model for development of the concept of the dairy industry on the basis of the best available technologies. Our scenarios for development of Russia's dairy industry are of practical interest, as well as our conclusion that the state policy for the development of this industry should be based on an innovative scenario involving its system modernization, which will help ensure food and environmental security of the country and promote dairy products exports...
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Enhancing the efficiency of dairy farming through improving the regional system of fodder production
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Addressing the issue of increasing the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding, increasing the volume of milk and dairy products is closely linked to the strengthening and development of fodder supplies. The State program of agriculture development and regulation of markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food for 2013-2020 implemented in the Vologda Oblast, as well as other legal documents do not fully promote intensive fodder production. This results in poorly developed meadow and field fodder production, fodder crop breeding and fodder seed production, harvesting, storage, and use of fodder negatively affects the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding in general and determines the range of the existing system problems. In this regard, the purpose for the research is to develop and scientifically substantiate the ways of improving the system of fodder production to increase the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding in the region. In accordance with the intended purpose we have met a set of objectives...
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The successful development of Northern and Arctic areas depends on sustainable functioning of the agricultural sector. Agriculture and fishing agriculture is a way of life of the indigenous population. The article discusses the state of agriculture and food self-sufficiency in the Komi Republic in the years of relatively stable development (1960-1980) and in the conditions of market reforms. It analyzes production and consumption of food and shows a positive effect of modernization processes on the agricultural sector in the pre-reform period. It studies market transformation of the agrarian economy, accompanied in the 1990s by the sharp decline in agricultural production, degradation of productive capacity, rural demography, rural infrastructure, decrease in living standard of farmers, and disparity of prices on agricultural and industrial products. The paper discloses trends in food self-sufficiency of the northern region in 1980-2013 and reveals reasons for the decrease in its level in the period of market reforms...
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The Russian agro-industrial complex is characterized by a variety of integration processes, complexity of their forms, contradictory nature of integration results, strengthening of the impact of the integration on the rates of economic growth and development of export potential of the country. In this regard, it is becoming highly relevant to study agro-industrial integration in various sectors of the agro-industrial complex, to define the socio-economic role of integration units, and to substantiate scientifically the prospects for further development of integration processes. The aim of the present work is to carry out a comprehensive study of the processes of agro-industrial integration in the meat products sub-complex of the agro-industrial complex of Russia, to identify their characteristics and areas of further development. The research is carried out in the framework of the system approach to the study of socio-economic phenomena and we use abstract-logical, historical, economic-statistical, and expert methods...
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Agricultural production in the rural periphery of the North requires modernization because it is necessary to overcome the backwardness of its technical and technological level, to improve the provision of the population with local food products, to create competitive advantages in the local and regional markets, to use natural and human capital rationally, to raise the standard of living and quality of life of agricultural workers, to retain young people in rural areas, to reduce significant differentiation in socio-economic development of remote and suburban areas. The period of market reforms was marked by the destruction of the material-technical base of agriculture, the sharp reduction in cultivated agricultural land, number of animals, number of workers, the deterioration of their professional level and quality of life, the decline in production of all kinds of agricultural products. In the period of market reforms the facilities and infrastructure basis of agriculture was destroyed, the volume of cultivated land reduced greatly, as well as the population of livestock, and the number of employees; their professional level and quality of life deteriorated, the production of all kinds of agricultural products reduced...
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Methodological aspects in forecasting innovation development of dairy cattle breeding in the region
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Due to the fact that Russia is now a member of the World Trade Organization, long-term forecasting becomes an objectively necessary condition that helps choose an effective science-based long-term strategy for development of dairy cattle breeding that would take into consideration intellectual and innovative characteristics. Current structure of available statistical information does not meet modern challenges of innovation development and does not reflect adequately the trends of ongoing changes. The paper suggests a system of indicators to analyze the status, development and prospects of dairy cattle breeding in the region; this system provides timely identification of emerging risks and threats of deviation from the specified parameters. The system included indicators contained in the current statistical reporting and new indicators of innovation development of the industry, the quality of human capital and the level of government support. When designing the system of indicators, we used several methodological aspects of the Oslo Manual, which the Federal State Statistics Service considers to be an official methodological document concerning the collection of information about innovation activities...
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Rational allocation of agricultural production in the region
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The paper proposes an original approach to determining the optimal allocation of agricultural production in the region; the approach includes the methodological substantiation of the necessity to differentiate consumers when addressing food security issues in the region. It was proposed to allocate three levels: level 1 - the provision of food to socially vulnerable layers, level 2 - the provision with food at the subsistence level, and level 3 - the provision of the total population of the region with food. A preliminary forecast was made for each municipality; it analyzed possible changes in the number of the socially vulnerable up to 2020; in accordance with medical standards and norms of the subsistence level the volumes of food were calculated, which in turn were compared with the actual production output. The difference between the actual volume and the volume of evidence- based requirements represented the very increase in the volume of production, the achievement of which requires certain investments on the basis of capital-output ratio...
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Research on transformation development of pig industry with environment and resource restriction
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Adequate food and pork products are important to the safety of the world. China is the world's largest country in pig production and pork consumption. Pig industry plays a significant role in the animal husbandry production of China and has become one of most dynamic pillar industries in agriculture and rural economy at present. With the increasing environment and resource restriction, pig breeding is heading to standardized, large-scale and ecological development, which will promote the ecological transformation of pig industry, ensure animal products safety, ecological environment safety and resource safety and improve the comprehensive benefit of animal husbandry.
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The article substantiates the expediency of conducting research to assess the state of the agro-food system in the regions of the European North of Russia due to the increased geopolitical risks and the need to achieve strategic objectives of the Arctic territories development. Based on the analysis of statistical information, materials of the Department of Agriculture and Food Resources of the Vologda Oblast the author analyzes the change in the value of milk production, identifies municipal regions where agricultural producers boost agricultural economics, describes trends in the structure of livestock in 2000-2014. The work shows that the major resource potential for the dairy cattle breeding development in the region is concentrated in Vologdsky District, Gryazovetsky District and Cherepovetsky District. The analytical grouping helps determine that given current market conditions, state of material and technical base of the industry and level of state support it is economically feasible to increase the productivity of cows to 7083 kg, as it allows to reduce unit costs and enhance profitability...
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In 2015, at a UN Summit, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted; it contains 17 sustainable development goals crucially important for any country in the world. The scientific significance of solving the problem of sustainable development consists in the urgent task to adapt the sustainable development goals (SDGs) to national conditions of different countries and to form a mechanism for their achievement in various economic sectors. Since the central place in the Agenda is devoted to food security and sustainable development of agriculture, we identify the possibility of applying the system of SDGs to promote further sustainable development of Russian agricultural sector. The main scientific idea and goal of the present paper is to determine national priorities in the field of sustainable development on the basis of meaningful analysis of the current state of the agri-food complex; besides we search for possible directions to adapt the global Agenda 2030 to Russian conditions so as to improve existing agriculture development strategies and programs, taking into consideration the UN SDGs...
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