Статьи журнала - International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security
Все статьи: 1066
Статья научная
Since distribution substations connect transmission lines and distribution system, planning these substations is a very important step in scheduling process of power system and optimal placement of distribution transformers for reducing the involved loss is of concern. In this paper a new model is [proposed for solving optimal substation planning of distribution networks. In the objective function, we have included both capital and operation (loss) costs. The optimization problem is solved by genetic algorithm (GA). In order to evaluate the effects of load imbalance in low-voltage system, a group of balanced one-phase and three-phase and imbalanced three-phase in 4-wire system are used. As a case study, the optimization model is tested on the 33-bus system. Simulation results show that the total cost is reduced by balancing the load of different phases. Also, the results confirm a 48 % reduction in loss and an 11 % reduction in costs of the network planning. Moreover influence of energy cost change and load change on distribution network planning is evaluated by investigating on 33-bus system.
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A New Pluggable Framework for Centralized Routing in Wireless Sensor Network
Статья научная
This paper presents a novel energy aware centralized dynamic clustering routing framework for large-scale Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The main advantage of the proposed method is pluggability of clustering algorithms in the framework. It uses some clustering algorithms that some of their usages are new in this field. The clustering algorithms are K-means, FCM, UPC, GA, IGA and FGKA that run at base station used to identify cluster of sensors. Six clustering algorithms are evaluated in the framework and results of them are compared in three models named unicast, multicast and broadcast.
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A New Proposal for Route Finding in Mobile AdHoc Networks
Статья научная
Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a kind of wireless ad-hoc network, and is a self-configuring network of mobile routers (and associated hosts) connected by wireless links – the union of which forms an arbitrary topology. The routers are free to move randomly and organize themselves arbitrarily, thus the network's wireless topology may change rapidly and unpredictably. Such a network may operate in a standalone fashion, or may be connected to the larger Internet. There are various routing protocols available for MANETs. The most popular ones are DSR, AODV and DSDV. This paper examines two routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks– the Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV and the Ad hoc On- Demand Distance Vector routing (AODV). Generally, the routing algorithms can be classified into Reactive and Proactive. A Hybrid algorithm combines the basic properties of reactive and proactive into one. The proposed approach is a novel routing pattern based on Ant Colony Optimization and Multi Agent System. This pattern integrates two different algorithms together and helps to get optimum routes for a particular radio range. The approaches used here are Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Multi Agent System (MAS). The proposed integrated approach has a relatively short route establishment time while using a small number of control messages which makes it a scalable routing approach. The overhead of this routing approach will be inexpensive and also will enable to have an alternate route during route failure. This proposed route finding scheme in order to provide high connectivity of nodes, will minimize the route discovery latency and the end-to-end delay.
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Статья научная
An efficient Query-Reply based routing protocol for mobile networks is proposed in this paper. The alternative paths have been generated between source and destination nodes in the network. A Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) is developed on the basis of selected right path among the alternatives. The reachability relationship is established on DAG and subsequently it introduces a proactive routing approach. As a result, the time complexity for the proposed routing method is reduced to a desired extent. The simulation studies confirm the improvements of the proposed model over the others.
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Статья научная
As the main secret-key encryption techniques of the wireless local area network (WLAN) have been proven to be unsafe, wireless network security is faced with serious challenges. It is unpractical for home users and small companies to purchase expensive network equipments to improve the network security. Therefore, the secure strategy for wireless network needs to be changed. In this paper, we first introduce secure issues of the main secret-key encryption techniques currently adopted by the most popular commercial wireless routers. Then we describe our initial designs and propose a new strategy for small-scale IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network which can strengthen the network security. The new secure strategy is based on web authentication with unshared key and virtual local area network (VLAN) in wireless network. It can provide protection against practical attacks which are popular nowadays. Moreover, it is simple, easy to use and price moderate. At last, we evaluate the performance of the new secure strategy and give our conclusions.
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A Node Confident based IDS to Avoid Packet Drop Attacks for Wireless Sensor Network
Статья научная
Because of the great characteristics of Wireless Sensor Networks like easier to use and less cost of deployment, they have attracted the researchers to conduct the investigations and received the importance in various civilian and military applications. A number of security attacks have been involved due to the lack of centralized management in these networks. The packet drop attack is one of the attacks and it has a compromised node which drops the malicious packets. In WSNs, different techniques have been implemented to identify the packet drop attack but none of them provides the feasibility to stop or isolate their occurrence in the future. In recent times, the reputation systems provide the way to identify the trustworthy nodes for data forwarding. But the lack of data classification in the reputation systems affects the false positive rate. In this paper, a novel CONFIDENT SCORE based BAYESIAN FILTER NODE MONITORING AGENT (CFS-BFNMA) mechanism is introduced to identify & avoid the packet drop nodes and also to monitor the node behaviours to improve the false positive rate. The final CFS of a node is estimated based on the node past and threshold CFS values. The node monitoring agents (BFNMA) constantly monitors the forwarding behaviour of the nodes and assigns CFS based on the successful forwards. The NMA saves the copy of the data packets in their buffers before forwarding to the neighbour nodes to compare them. Also, this BFNMA analyses the traffic pattern of every round of transmission to improve the false positive rate. By comparing with other conventional security algorithms, the proposed mechanism has been improved the network security & false positive rate drastically based on the simulation results.
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A Note on Group Authentication Schemes
Статья научная
In literature, there are many different forms of group authentication in conference key establishment protocols. The agents participating in a group need to authenticate each other in order to become assure that every agents that has access to the group key is an eligible member. In this paper, we informally classify different group authentication schemes, based on how the agents authenticate each other and provide examples of each class. We then improve one of the well-known key establishment protocol to an authenticated version according so that it meets one of our notions of group authentication.
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A Novel Android Security Framework to Prevent Privilege Escalation Attacks
Статья научная
Android is the most popular operating system in the world, with numerous applications having been developed for the platform since its inception, however, it has its fair share of security issues. Despite security precautions taken by developers and the system itself when it comes to permission delegation for applications, privilege escalation attacks are still possible up till Android API level 25. Unfortunately, many existing detection and prevention solutions fall short of the standard necessary or are taxing in resources not found on most Android devices. Proof is shown that a custom created malicious application can elevate its privileges, beyond the permissions it was given, in the existing Android system. In this paper, a modification to the existing Android framework is proposed, one that can detect inter-component communication messages between malicious apps attempting to elevate their privileges and benign applications. Part of this framework is the ability for the user to decide if permissions should be elevated, allowing them some measure of control. The results of the experimental evaluation demonstrate that the solution proposed is effective in preventing privilege escalation attacks on Android API level 24.
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A Novel Approach for Optimization Auto-Scaling in Cloud Computing Environment
Статья научная
In recent years, applications of cloud services have been increasingly expanded. Cloud services, are distributed infrastructures which develop the communication and services. Auto scaling is one of the most important features of cloud services which dedicates and retakes the allocated dynamic resource in proportion to the volume of requests. Scaling tries to utilize maximum power of the available resources also to use idle resources, in order to maximize the efficiency or shut down unnecessary resources to reduce the cost of running requests. In this paper, we have suggested an approach based on learning automata auto- scaling, in order to manage and optimize factors like cost, rate of violations of user-level agreements (SLA Violation) as well as stability in the presence of traffic workload. Results of simulation show that proposed approach has been able to optimize cost and rate of SLA violation in order to manage their trade off. Also, it decreases number of operation needed for scaling to increase stability of system compared to the other approaches.
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Статья научная
This research paper present a novel approach of Image based steganography scheme where a pseudorandom sequence generator function is used to randomize the mapping sequence in a pseudorandom fashion. The embedding process of the secret message is done according to the pseudo-random sequence, and extraction is done using the same sequence at the other end. At the base level, 2D-DCT is used to hide the bits of secret message inside the stego image by replacing the LSBs of DCT coefficients. Since in previous paper the LSB substitution technique is already used, here in this paper the previous concept is extended and used DCT instead of LSB technique. A new text randomization algorithm (4-2 swap text randomization algorithm) is also used to modify the secret message before embedding.
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A Novel Approach of Text Steganography using Nonlinear Character Positions (NCP)
Статья научная
Usually, the steganographic algorithms employ images, audio, video or text files as the medium to ensure hidden exchange of information between multiple contenders and to protect the data from the prying eyes. This paper presents a survey of text steganography method used for hiding secret information inside some cover text. Here the text steganography algorithms based on modification of font format, font style et cetera, has advantages of great capacity, good imperceptibility and wide application range. The nonlinear character positions of different pages are targeted through out the cover with insignificant modification. As compared to other methods, we believe that the approaches proposed convey superior randomness and thus support higher security.
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Статья научная
Network on chip has emerged as a long-term and effective method in Multiprocessor System-on-Chip communications in order to overcome the bottleneck in bus based communication architectures. Efficiency and performance of network on chip is so dependent on the architecture and structure of the network. In this paper a new structure and architecture for adaptive traffic control in network on chip using Code Division Multiple Access technique is presented. To solve the problem of synchronous access to bus based interconnection the code division multiple access technique was applied. In the presented structure that is based upon mesh topology and simple routing method we attempted to increase the exchanged data bandwidth rate among different cores. Also an attempt has been made to increase the performance by isolating the target address transfer path from data transfer path. The main goal of this paper is presenting a new structure to improve energy consumption, area and maximum frequency in network on chip systems using information coding and decoding techniques. The presented structure is simulated using Xilinx ISE software and the results show effectiveness of this architecture.
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A Novel Crypt-Biometric Perception Algorithm to Protract Security in MANET
Статья научная
Mobile ad-hoc networks are networks that have properties of self configuration and multi hopping. These networks do not have any fixed infrastructure and need to be dynamic in nature. The specification of dynamism leads to various security breaches that a MANET suffers from such as impersonation, data modification etc. which results in degradation of performance and hence QOS is strongly affected. Hence this paper focuses on improving security performance of MANET by employing biometric technique in combination with cryptography, since biometric perception is specified as the most neoteric technological advancement which enhance security specifications of various networks by specifying exclusive human identification features. Cryptography is designed on computational hardness assumptions making various algorithms hard to break by an adversary. Simulation and experimental results specify that the proposed crypto-metric perception technique leads in achieving better QOS parameters by avoiding security intrusions hence better performance of mobile ad-hoc networks.
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A Novel Digital Signature Algorithm based on Biometric Hash
Статья научная
Digital Signature protects the document`s integrity and binds the authenticity of the user who have signed. Present Digital Signature algorithm confirms authenticity but it does not ensure secrecy of the data. Techniques like encryption and decryption are needed to be used for this purpose. Biometric security has been a useful way for authentication and security as it provides a unique identity of the user. In this paper we have discussed the user authentication process and development of digital signatures. Authentication was based on hash functions which uses biometric features. Hash codes are being used to maintain the integrity of the document which is digitally signed. For security purpose, Encryption and Decryption techniques are used to develop a bio -cryptosystem. User information when gets concatenated with feature vector of biometric data, which actually justifies the sense of authentication. Various online or offline transaction where authenticity and integrity is the top most priority can make use of this development.
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A Novel Framework to Carry Out Cloud Penetration Test
Статья научная
In current cloud services, users put their data and resources into the cloud so as to enjoy the on-demand high quality applications and services. Different from the conventional services, users in cloud services lose control of their data which is instead manipulated by the large-scale cloud. Therefore, cloud service providers (CSP) guarantee that the cloud which they provide is of high confidence in accuracy and integrity. Traditional penetration test is carried out manually and has low efficiency. In this paper, we propose FPTC, a novel framework of penetration test in cloud environment. In FPTC, there are managers, executors and toolkits. FPTC managers guide FPTC executors to gather information from the cloud environment, generate appropriate testing scenarios, run matched tools in the toolkit and collect test results to do evaluation. The capacity and quality of the toolkit is a key issue in FPTC. We develop a prototype in which FPTC is implemented and the experimental results show that FPTC is helpful to automatically carry out penetration test in cloud environment.
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A Novel Routing Scheme for Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Статья научная
Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of mobile users without any support of fixed infrastructure. The nodes in these networks have several constraints such as transmission power, bandwidth and processing capability. In addition to it an important parameter of interest is the residual battery power of the nodes. Conventional routing schemes do not take this aspect into consideration. Therefore this paper proposes a routing strategy that takes this aspect into consideration by modifying the Route Request (RREQ) packet of the Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol. The protocol chooses a threshold below which a node is not allowed to relay data/control packets. The results show a remarkable improvement in the value of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput and at the same time the network lifetime is not affected.
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A Novel Scheme for Image Authentication and Secret Data Sharing
Статья научная
Privacy protection is of extreme importance especially in security sensitive environments. Neither cryptography nor steganography comes up with ultimate solution for privacy preservation in open systems. However, combination of steganography and cryptography can greatly increase the security of communication and is usually considered a good practice for securing security driven communication environments. In this paper we propose a novel scheme for image authentication and secret data sharing based on three level security model viz: Compression, steganography and cryptography. Compression optimizes the resource usage, steganography conceals the existence of message and cryptography is used to achieve confidentiality and authentication.
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A Novel Secure Data Hiding Technique into Video Sequences Using RVIHS
Статья научная
Most of the present hiding techniques on video are considered over plaintext domain and plain video sequences are used to embed information bits. The work presented here reveals the novelty for information embedding in a video sequence over the ciphered domain. The carrier video signal is encrypted using chaos technique which uses multiple chaotic maps for encryption. The proposed reversible video information hiding scheme (RVIHS) exhibits an innovative property that, at the decoding side we can perfectly extract the information along with carrier video without any distortion. The public key modulation is a mechanism used to achieve data embedding, where as in secret key encryption is not required. The proposed approach is used to differentiate encoded and non-encoded picture patches at decoder end by implementing 2 class Support Vector Machine grouping. This helps for us to retrieve the original visual sequence with embedded message and to scale up embedding capacity. The experiment is conducted using real time videos for embedding the information. The outcome of proposed work bring about best embedding capacity, compared to existing techniques.
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A Novel Security Scheme for Secret Data using Cryptography and Steganography
Статья научная
With the development of network techniques the problem of network security becomes more and more important. The use of Word Wide Web has grown extremely in the past few years. Furthermore, many end users can easily use tools to synthesize and edit multimedia information. Thus, security has become one of the most significant problems for distributing new information technology. It is necessary to protect this information while communicated over insecure channels. Thus, a need exists for developing technology that will help protect the integrity of digital content and secure the intellectual property rights of owners. Cryptography and Steganography are the two major techniques for secret communication. The contents of secret message are scrambled in cryptography, where as in steganography the secret message is embedded into the cover medium. In this proposed system we developed high security model by combining cryptographic and Steganographic security. In cryptography we are using advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm to encrypt secret message and then pixel value differencing (PVD) with K-bit least-significant-bit (LSB) substitution is used to hide encrypted message into truecolor RGB image. Our proposed model gives two tier security to secret data. Further our proposed method gives high embedding capacity and high quality stego images.
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Статья научная
Nowadays, the computing and communication services are accessed while on the move. Setting up of fixed access points and backbone infrastructure is not always viable. So in order to provide communication where there is lack of infrastructure or inconvenience in using the existing infrastructure, Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs) are used. This inherent flexibility allows MANETs to be used for a wide range of applications such as rescue operations, military applications, vehicular communication, and business meetings. As there is no apriori trust relationship between the nodes of an ad hoc network and basic network functions like packet forwarding and routing are performed by the available nodes, security is an essential component in MANETs. Various attacks in MANETs are blackhole attack, byzantine attack, resource consumption attack, rushing attack, and wormhole attack. Wormhole attack is a severe threat among the other threats in MANET. Existing solutions to detect wormhole attacks include Packet Leashes, SECTOR, DelPHI, RTT-TC, TTM, etc. These solutions require special hardware or strict synchronized clocks or cause message overhead. Some solutions do not locate the wormhole, and some other may generate false alarms or does not consider network congestion into account. In this paper, wormhole attack detection is proposed based on RTT between successive nodes and congestion detection mechanism. If the RTT between two successive nodes is higher than the threshold value, a wormhole attack is suspected. If a wormhole is suspected, node's transitory buffer is probed to determine whether the long delay between the nodes is due to wormhole or not, as delays can be caused due to congestion or by queuing delays. The proposed method prevents both the hidden and the exposed attack. Advantage of our proposed solution is that it does not require any specialized hardware or synchronized clocks.
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